Promachus er en artsrik slekt av rovfluer, der de voksne insektene er rovdyr.
Utseende Store (20-35 millimeter), slanke, fint hårete, brunlige rovfluer. Bakkroppen er tverrstripete.
Levevis De voksne rovfluene er grådige rovdyr som kan fange og drepe insekter som er større enn dem selv, for eksempel bier, gresshopper og øyenstikkere. På engelsk blir slekten gjerne kalt "bee killers".
Mange arter sitter og venter på bestemte utsiktsplasser, og flyr så raskt ut og fanger eventuelle byttedyr som passerer forbi, omtrent som fluesnappere gjør mellom fuglene. Det ser ut til at den enkelte flue har sine faste sitteplasser som den bruker.
Når rovfluen har fanget et insekt, stikker den et hull med munndelene og sprøyter inn en blanding av gift og proteinoppløsende enzymer, som raskt dreper byttet. Noen store arter kan gi mennesker meget smertefulle stikk. Fluene suger så ut det oppløste innholdet av byttedyret. Ulikt mange andre fluer er begge kjønn rovdyr.
Rovfluene er varmekjære dyr og er vanligvis bare aktive i solskinn. Noen arter har innviklede kurtise-ritualer som går forut for paringen.
Eggene legges i jorden.
Larvene lever av ulike slags råtnende plantemateriale, og kan utvikle seg i jord, i død ved eller i møkk.
Utbredelse Slekten er utbredt i alle verdensdeler untatt Antarktis, men i Europa bare i den sørøstlige delen.
Systematisk inndeling thumb|300px| Promachus rufipes
orden Tovinger, Diptera underorden Lavere fluer, Orthorrhapha overfamilie Asiloidea familie Rovfluer, Asilidae underfamilie Asilinae stamme Apocleini slekten Promachus Loew, 1848 Liste over artene
Promachus abdominalis Ricardo, 1920 Promachus aberrans Paramonov, 1931 Promachus absterrens Oldroyd, 1960 Promachus acuminatus (Hobby, 1936) Promachus adamsii Ricardo, 1920 Promachus addens (Walker, 1861) Promachus aedithus (Walker, 1849) Promachus aegyptiacus Efflatoun, 1929 Promachus aequalis Loew, 1858 Promachus albicauda Wulp, 1872 Promachus albicinctus Ricardo, 1900 Promachus albifacies Williston, 1885 Promachus albitarsatus (Macquart, 1834) Promachus albopilosus (Macquart, 1855) Promachus aldrichii Hine, 1911 Promachus amastrus (Walker, 1849) Promachus amorges (Walker, 1849) Promachus anceps Osten Sacken, 1887 Promachus anicius (Walker, 1849) Promachus annularis (Fabricius, 1805) Promachus apicalis (Macquart, 1838) Promachus apivorus (Walker, 1860) Promachus argentipennis Efflatoun, 1929 Promachus argentipes Meijere, 1913 Promachus argyropus Bezzi, 1906 Promachus ater Coquillett, 1898 Promachus atrox Bromley, 1940 Promachus aurulans Lindner, 1955 Promachus barbatus (Doleschall, 1857) Promachus bastardii (Macquart, 1838) Promachus beesoni Ricardo, 1921 Promachus bellaridi Martin, 1965 Promachus bifasciatus (Macquart, 1838) Promachus binghamensis Ricardo, 1921 Promachus binucleatus Bezzi, 1908 c g Promachus bomensis Curran, 1927 c g Promachus bottegoi Corti, 1895 c g Promachus brevipennis Ricardo, 1920 c g Promachus breviusculus Walker, 1855 c g Promachus breviventris Ricardo, 1920 c g Promachus caffer (Macquart, 1846) c g Promachus calanus (Walker, 1851) c g Promachus calcaratus (Hobby, 1936) c g Promachus calorificus (Walker, 1859) c g Promachus canus (Wiedemann, 1818) c g Promachus captans (Walker, 1851) c g Promachus carpenteri (Hobby, 1936) c g Promachus ceylanicus (Macquart, 1838) c g Promachus chalcops Speiser, 1910 c g Promachus chinensis Ricardo, 1920 c g Promachus cinctus Bellardi, 1861 c g Promachus cinereus Ricardo, 1925 c g Promachus clausus (Macquart, 1846) c g Promachus clavigerus Bromley, 1931 c g Promachus complens (Walker, 1861) c Promachus condanguineus (Macquart, 1838) c g Promachus conradti (Hobby, 1936) c g Promachus consanguineus (Macquart, 1838) g Promachus contractus (Walker, 1851) c g Promachus contradicens (Walker, 1858) c g Promachus cornutus (Hobby, 1936) c g Promachus cothurnatus (Bigot, 1859) c g Promachus crassifemoratus (Hobby, 1936) c g Promachus cristatus Oldroyd, 1960 c g Promachus cypricus (Rondani, 1856) c g Promachus desmopygus Meijere, 1914 c g Promachus dimidiatus Curran, 1927 i c g Promachus djanetianus Seguy, 1938 c g Promachus doddi Ricardo, 1913 c g Promachus duvaucelii (Macquart, 1838) c Promachus entebbensis (Hobby, 1936) c g Promachus enucleatus Karsch, 1888 c g Promachus erythrosceles (Hobby, 1936) c g Promachus fasciatus (Fabricius, 1775) c g Promachus felinus Wulp, 1872 c g Promachus fitchii Osten Sacken, 1878 i c g b Promachus flavifasciatus (Macquart, 1838) c g Promachus flavopilosus Ricardo, 1920 c g Promachus floccosus Kirby, 1884 c g Promachus forcipatus Schiner, 1868 c g Promachus forfex Osten Sacken, 1887 c g Promachus formosanus Matsumura, 1916 c g Promachus foromosanus Matsumura, 1916 g Promachus fraterculus (Walker, 1855) c g Promachus fulvipes (Macquart, 1838) c Promachus fulviventris (Becker, 1925) c g Promachus fuscifemoratus Joseph & Parui, 1981 c g Promachus fuscipennis (Macquart, 1846) c Promachus fusiformis (Walker, 1856) c g Promachus genitalis Joseph & Parui, 1987 c g Promachus ghumtiensis Bromley, 1935 c g Promachus giganteus Hine, 1911 i c g b Promachus gomerae Frey, 1936 c g Promachus gossypiatus Speiser, 1910 c g Promachus gracilis (Macquart, 1838) c g Promachus graeffi Schmeltz, 1866 c g Promachus grandis (Macquart, 1838) c g Promachus griseiventris Becker & Stein, 1913 c g Promachus grisiventris Becker, 1913 c g Promachus guineensis (Wiedemann, 1824) c g Promachus hastatus (Hobby, 1936) c g Promachus heteropterus (Macquart, 1838) c Promachus hinei Bromley, 1931 i c g b Promachus hirsutus Ricardo, 1925 c g Promachus hirtiventris (Macquart, 1850) c Promachus horichanus Matsumura, 1916 g Promachus horishanus Matsumura, 1916 c g Promachus horni Bromley, 1935 c g Promachus hypocaustus Oldroyd, 1972 c g Promachus incisuralis (Macquart, 1838) c g Promachus indicus Joseph & Parui, 1987 c g Promachus indigenus (Becker, 1925) c g Promachus inoratus Wulp, 1872 c g Promachus inornatus Wulp, 1872 c g Promachus jabalpurensis Joseph & Parui, 1981 c g Promachus knutsoni Joseph & Parui, 1987 c g Promachus laciniosus Becker, 1907 c g Promachus lateralis (Walker, 1860) c g Promachus latitarsatus (Macquart & Berthelot, 1839) c g Promachus lehri Joseph & Parui, 1987 c g Promachus lemur Bromley, 1931 c g Promachus leoninus Loew, 1848 c g Promachus leontochlaenus Loew, 1871 c g Promachus leucopareus Wulp, 1872 c g Promachus leucopygus (Walker, 1857) c g Promachus leucotrichodes Bigot, 1892 c g Promachus lineosus (Walker, 1857) c g Promachus longius (Chou & Lee, 1991) g Promachus macquartii (Rondani, 1848) c Promachus maculatus (Fabricius, 1775) c g Promachus maculosus (Macquart, 1834) c g Promachus madagascarensis Bromley, 1942 c g Promachus magnus Bellardi, 1861 i c g Promachus manilliensis (Macquart, 1838) c g Promachus marcii (Macquart, 1838) c g Promachus mediospinosus Speiser, 1913 c g Promachus melampygus Wulp, 1872 c g Promachus mesacanthus (Hobby, 1936) c g Promachus mesorrhachis (Hobby, 1936) c g Promachus metoxus (Oldroyd, 1939) c g Promachus microlabis Loew, 1857 c g Promachus minusculus Hine, 1911 i c g Promachus mitescens (Walker, 1851) c g Promachus mixtus (Hobby, 1936) c g Promachus mustela Loew, 1854 c g Promachus neavei (Hobby, 1936) c g Promachus negligens Adams, 1905 c g Promachus nicobarensis Schiner, 1868 c g Promachus nigrbarbatus (Becker, 1925) g Promachus nigrialbus Martin, 1970 i c g b Promachus nigribarbatus (Becker, 1925) c g Promachus nigripes (Fabricius, 1787) c g Promachus nigropennipes Hobby, 1933 c g Promachus nigropilosus Schaeffer, 1916 i g Promachus niveicinctus (Hobby, 1936) c g Promachus nobilis Osten Sacken, 1887 c g Promachus noninterponens Ricardo, 1920 c g Promachus noscibilis Austen, 1915 c g Promachus nussus Oldroyd, 1972 c g Promachus obscuripes Ricardo, 1920 c g Promachus obscurus Joseph & Parui, 1987 c g Promachus oklahomensis Pritchard, 1935 i c g Promachus opacus Becker, 1925 c g Promachus orientalis (Macquart, 1838) c g Promachus ovatus Martin, 1967 c g Promachus painteri Bromley, 1934 i c g b Promachus pallidus Ricardo, 1921 c g Promachus pallipennis (Macquart, 1855) c g Promachus palmensis Frey, 1936 c g Promachus parvus Bromley, 1931 c g Promachus perfectus (Walker, 1851) c g Promachus perpusilla (Walker, 1851) c g Promachus philipinus Ricardo, 1920 c g Promachus pictus Meigen, 1820 Promachus plutonicus (Walker, 1861) c g Promachus poetinus (Walker, 1849) c g Promachus pontifex Karsch, 1888 c g Promachus princeps Williston, 1885 i c g b Promachus productus (Walker, 1851) c g Promachus promiscuus (Hobby, 1936) c g Promachus pseudocontractus Joseph & Parui, 1993 c g Promachus pseudomaculatus Ricardo, 1920 c g Promachus pulchellus Bellardi, 1861 c g Promachus punctatostriata (Schrank, 1803) g Promachus quadratus (Wiedemann, 1821) i c b Promachus quatuorlineatus (Macquart, 1838) c g Promachus ramakrishnai Bromley, 1939 c g Promachus rapax Gerstaecker, 1871 c g Promachus raptor Austen, 1915 c g Promachus rectangularis Loew, 1854 c g Promachus rex Karsch, 1888 c g Promachus robertii (Macquart, 1838) c g Promachus rondanii Oldroyd, 1975 c g Promachus rubripes (Macquart, 1834) c Promachus rueppelli Loew, 1854 c Promachus rufescens Ricardo, 1920 c g Promachus rufibarbis (Macquart, 1848) c Promachus rufihumeralis Hobby, 1933 c g Promachus rufimystaceus (Macquart, 1850) c g Promachus rufipes (Fabricius, 1775) i c g b (red-footed cannibalfly) Promachus rufoangulatus (Macquart, 1838) c g Promachus rufotibialis (Hobby, 1936) c g Promachus sackeni Hine, 1911 i c g b Promachus scalaris Loew, 1858 c g Promachus scotti (Oldroyd, 1940) c g Promachus scutellatus (Macquart, 1834) c Promachus senegalensis (Macquart, 1838) c g Promachus simpsoni Ricardo, 1920 c g Promachus sinaiticus Efflatoun, 1934 c g Promachus smithi Parui & Joseph, 1994 c g Promachus snowi (Hobby, 1940) c g Promachus sokotrae Ricardo, 1903 c g Promachus speiseri (Hobby, 1936) c Promachus spissibarbis (Macquart, 1846) c g Promachus subsitula (Walker, 1851) c g Promachus subtilis Bromley, 1935 c g Promachus superfluus Oldroyd, 1972 c g Promachus taiwanensis (Chou & Lee, 1991) g Promachus tasmanensis (Macquart, 1847) c g Promachus testacipes (Macquart, 1855) c g Promachus tewfiki Efflatoun, 1929 c g Promachus tewfikis Efflatoun, 1929 c g Promachus texanus Bromley, 1934 i c g Promachus titan (Carrera, 1959) c g Promachus transactus (Walker, 1864) c g Promachus transvaalensis Hobby, 1933 c g Promachus trichonotus (Wiedemann, 1828) c g Promachus trichozonus Loew, 1858 c g Promachus triflagellatus Frey, 1923 c g Promachus tristis Bigot, 1892 c g Promachus truquii Bellardi, 1861 i c g b Promachus turinus (Walker, 1849) c g Promachus ugandiensis Ricardo, 1920 Promachus varipes (Macquart, 1838) Promachus venatrix (Hobby, 1936) Promachus venustus Carrera & Andretta, 1950 Promachus versicolor (Hobby, 1936) Promachus vertebratus (Say, 1823) Promachus vexator Becker, 1908 Promachus viridiventris (Macquart, 1855) Promachus westermannii (Macquart, 1838) Promachus wiedemanni Schiner, 1867 Promachus wollastoni (Hobby, 1936) Promachus xanthostoma Wulp, 1872 Promachus xanthotrichus Bezzi, 1908 Promachus yepezi (Carrera & Machado-Allison, 1963) Promachus yerburiensis Ricardo, 1920 Promachus yesonicus Bigot, 1887 Promachus zenkeri (Hobby, 1936)
Referanser
Kilder Lyneborg, L. 1965. Tovinger IV. Humlefluer, stiletfluer, rovfluer m.fl. Danmarks Fauna 70. G.E.C. Gads Forlag, København. Majer, J.M. 1997. European Asilidae. Side 549-567 i: Papp, L. og Darvas, B. (red.): Contributions to a Manual of Palaearctic Diptera. Volume 2. Science Herald, Budapest. Nettressursen Fauna Europaea , utbredelsesdatabase for europeiske dyr
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